isCOBOL Evolve : Language Reference : Embedded SQL Statements : INSERT
INSERT
The INSERT statement allows you to add new rows into a table.
Format 1
EXEC SQL [ AT Database ]
 
  [ FOR Iterations ]
 
  INSERT Options [ VALUES ( { Insert-Value } ... ) ]
 
         [ RETURNING Field ... INTO HostVariable ... ]
 
  END-EXEC
Format 2
EXEC SQL [ AT Database ]
 
  INSERT Options [ VALUES ( { Insert-Value } ... ) ]  [ FOR Num-Rows ROWS ]
 
  END-EXEC
Syntax rules
1. Iterations can be either a host variable or a numeric literal. It specifies the number of rows to be processed.
2. Options is passed to the driver without further checks. Refer to the database documentation for detailed syntax. Syntax errors, if any, are returned at runtime.
3. Insert-Value can be a host variable or a Nonnumeric Literal, as defined in the Definitions section of the Preface of this document.
4. Field is a alphanumeric literal.
5. Host-Variable is a host variable.
6. Num-Rows can be a host variable or a Numeric Literal, as defined in the Definitions section of the Preface of this document.
General rules
1. Database identifies the active connection that will execute the query and must be previously defined using a Format 4 DECLARE statement. By default, when the AT clause is used, the active connection is switched to the connection identified by Database and all the next statements will work on that connection; under the -csora option, instead, the connection is switched only for the current statement.
2. When Insert-Value is a host variable declared as a group-item, the runtime uses all subordinate items as separate values instead of using the group-item as a single value.
Format 1
3. The FOR clause limits the number of times the statement is executed when Insert-Value are array host variables. If you omit this clause,it executes the statement once for each component of the smallest array.
4. The RETURNING clause allows you to receive the updated fields value into host variables. Not all databases support this feature. For the Oracle database, the program must be compiled with the -csora compiler option.
Format 2
5. The FOR n ROWS form of INSERT statement inserts multiple rows into a table from the values that are provided in host-variable arrays, where each array corresponds to a column.
Examples
Inserting rows on a customers table
exec sql insert into customers values (10, 'Adam Smith') end-exec
exec sql insert into customers values (20, 'Eve Scott') end-exec